/* Linear Clock driver Written by Sandy Noble (sandy.noble@gmail.com) This version 8th Jan 2011 This uses the AFMotor library from Adafruit, because I used an Adafruit Motorshield, and I think Adafruit are the bomb. Make sure you use a version of the libraries from after 7th Jan 2011, because there's a little fix in them that is important to this code. This should be fairly simple self-explanatory code. */ #include #include #include // These set up the motors. The values here depend on how they've been wired up. AF_Stepper minuteHand(20, 1); // minutes int const minutesIncrement = BACKWARD; int const minutesDecrement = FORWARD; AF_Stepper hourHand(20, 2); // hours int const hoursIncrement = FORWARD; int const hoursDecrement = BACKWARD; int const stepType = DOUBLE; int const motorRPM = 150; int second=0, minute=0, hour=0; // declare time variables // Minutes setup int startMinutePos = 0; // current minute position. This gets updated all the time. float currentMinutePos = startMinutePos; // the current position of the indicators. This only gets updated when the hands move int displayMinutePos = startMinutePos; // Hours setup int startHourPos = 0; float currentHourPos = startHourPos; int displayHourPos = startHourPos; // These are the actual time, in seconds minutes and hours. // doTick() writes these values, and renderTime() reads them. int currentSeconds = 0; int currentMinutes = 0; int currentHours = 0; int const millisPerSecond = 1000; int const stepsPerClock = 592; float const stepsPerMinute = stepsPerClock/60.0; float const stepsPerHourMinute = stepsPerClock/720.0; float const stepsPerHour = stepsPerClock/12.0; boolean currentlyRunning = false; Button hourSetButton = Button(9, PULLUP); Button minuteSetButton = Button(10, PULLUP); Button modeToggleButton = Button(2, PULLUP); const int modeIndicatorPin = 13; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // set up Serial library at 9600 bps Serial.println("LINEAR CLOCK!"); hourHand.setSpeed(motorRPM); // rpm minuteHand.setSpeed(motorRPM); // rpm pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() { // check if the clock is paused or is running if (inRunMode()) { // here we count the seconds and things static unsigned long lastTick = 0; // set up a local variable to hold the last time we moved forward one second // (static variables are initialized once and keep their values between function calls) // move forward one second every 1000 milliseconds unsigned long time = millis(); unsigned long sinceLastTick = time - lastTick; if (sinceLastTick >=millisPerSecond) { unsigned int secondsMissed = sinceLastTick / millisPerSecond; lastTick = millis(); for (int i = 0; i < secondsMissed; i++) { doTick(); } } } else { // not in Run mode, so we aren't automatically counting time. // instead we're anticipating getting some button pushes to increment the time. if (hourSetTriggered()) { if (currentHours == 11) currentHours = 0; else currentHours ++; } else if (minuteSetTriggered()) { if (currentMinutes == 59) currentMinutes = 0; else currentMinutes ++; } } renderTime(); } void doTick() { currentSeconds++; if (currentSeconds > 59) { currentSeconds = 0; currentMinutes++; if (currentMinutes > 59) { currentMinutes = 0; currentHours++; if (currentHours > 11) { currentHours = 0; } } } Serial.print(millis()); Serial.print(" - tick!"); Serial.print(currentHours); Serial.print(":"); Serial.print(currentMinutes); Serial.print(":"); Serial.println(currentSeconds); } void renderTime() { setTime(currentHours, currentMinutes); } void setTime(int hour, int minute) { setHour(hour, minute); setMinute(minute); } void setHour(int hour, int minute) { // work out the new position and set it globally eg time 4:25. // first hours // eg 0.2055 * 4 * 60 = 49.333 float justHours = stepsPerHourMinute * hour * 60; // eg 0.2055 * 25 = 5.13888 float justMinutes = stepsPerHourMinute * minute; // stick em together: position is 54.472 (4:25) currentHourPos = justHours + justMinutes; // round to integer // eg 54 int newPos = currentHourPos; // save the previous actual position so we can check if the hands need moving // eg 52 int lastPos = displayHourPos; // now see if the hand position needs to change // eg 54 - 52 = 2 int stepsToChange = newPos - lastPos; if (stepsToChange != 0) { Serial.print("sethour:"); Serial.println(hour); // update the global variable displayHourPos = newPos; changeHours(stepsToChange); } } void changeHours(int steps) { Serial.print("Incrementing hours position:"); Serial.println(steps); // make it positive int absSteps = abs(steps); if (steps < 0) { // if it's negative, then DECREMENT if (absSteps >= 1) { // only step if it's a full step hourHand.step(absSteps, hoursDecrement, stepType); } } else if (steps > 0) { // if it's positive then INCREMENT if (absSteps >= 1) { // only step if it's a full step hourHand.step(absSteps, hoursIncrement, stepType); } } Serial.print("Actual current hour position:"); Serial.println(displayHourPos); hourHand.release(); } void setMinute(int minute) { // work out the new position and set it globally // eg 2.467 * 25 = 61.675 currentMinutePos = stepsPerMinute * minute; // round to integer // eg 61 int newPos = currentMinutePos; // save the previous actual position so we can check if the hands need moving // eg 59 int lastPos = displayMinutePos; // now see if the hand position needs to change // eg 61 - 59 = 2 int stepsToChange = newPos - lastPos; if (stepsToChange != 0) { Serial.print("setmin:"); Serial.println(minute); // update the global variable displayMinutePos = newPos; changeMinutes(stepsToChange); } } void changeMinutes(int steps) { Serial.print("Incrementing minutes position:"); Serial.println(steps); // make it positive int absSteps = abs(steps); if (steps < 0) { // if it's negative, then DECREMENT if (absSteps >= 1) { // only step if it's a full step minuteHand.step(absSteps, minutesDecrement, stepType); } } else if (steps > 0) { // if it's positive then INCREMENT if (absSteps >= 1) { // only step if it's a full step minuteHand.step(absSteps, minutesIncrement, stepType); } } Serial.print("Actual current minute position:"); Serial.println(displayMinutePos); minuteHand.release(); } boolean inRunMode() { // observe the buttons modeToggleButton.isPressed(); if (modeToggleButton.stateChanged()) { if (modeToggleButton.wasPressed()) { // a previously HIGH button has gone low (been released) // so flip modes if (currentlyRunning) { Serial.println("CLOCK PAUSED"); currentlyRunning = false; } else { Serial.println("CLOCK RUNNING"); currentlyRunning = true; } } } if (currentlyRunning) digitalWrite(modeIndicatorPin, LOW); else digitalWrite(modeIndicatorPin, HIGH); return currentlyRunning; } boolean hourSetTriggered() { hourSetButton.isPressed(); if (hourSetButton.stateChanged() && hourSetButton.wasPressed()) { Serial.println("Hour set button."); return true; } else return false; } boolean minuteSetTriggered() { minuteSetButton.isPressed(); if (minuteSetButton.stateChanged() && minuteSetButton.wasPressed()) { Serial.println("Minute set button."); return true; } else return false; }